• Highlights
• Introduction
• Causes
• Prognosis
• Risk Factors
• Symptoms
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Quick-Relief Medications
• Long-Term Relief Medications
• Other Treatments
• Managing Asthma
• Resources
• References

Asthma in children and adolescents

Description

An in-depth report on how asthma is diagnosed, treated, and managed in children and adolescents.

Other Treatments

Alternative therapies are widely used by children, adolescents, and adults with asthma. In one study, nearly half of asthma or allergy sufferers resorted to alternative treatments. To date, however, evidence does not support most alternative therapies, including high-dose vitamins, urine injections, homeopathic remedies, and most herbal remedies.

Relaxation and Stress-Reduction Techniques. Patients report benefits from many stress reduction and physical techniques, such as acupuncture, hypnosis, breathing relaxation techniques, the Alexander technique, massage therapy, and meditation practices. There have been very few well-conducted studies supporting their use, however.

Breathing Exercises. Some studies have suggested that breathing exercises or training may be helpful. A number of different methods are available. One example is the Buteyko breathing method, an experimental approach designed to increase levels of carbon dioxide in the body. To do this, patients are trained to reduce their volume of breath and to avoid hyperventilation (over-breathing). Some studies report that patients using this method reduce their use of medications and improve their quality of life. The system originated in Australia and is not yet widely available in the U.S.

Probiotics. Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that may possibly help protect against allergies and asthma. Antibiotic overuse and modern hygiene may specifically be reducing these helpful organisms. Look for probiotics in active yogurt cultures and in supplements, which are being studied for protection.

Herbal Remedies. Butterbur (also known as Petasites hybridus , butter dock, blatterdock, bog rhubarb, and exwort), is a traditional herbal remedy used for seasonal allergies and asthma. In a 2002 study, it was as effective and less sedating than a commonly prescribed antihistamine for treating seasonal allergies over a 2-week period. However, little research exists on its effect on asthma. Overall, there is scant evidence supporting the benefits of herbs and nutritional supplements for asthma control.

Generally, manufacturers of herbal remedies and dietary supplements do not need FDA approval to sell their products. Just like a drug, herbs and supplements can affect the body's chemistry, and therefore have the potential to produce side effects that may be harmful. There have been a number of reported cases of serious and even lethal side effects from herbal products. Always check with your doctor before using any herbal remedies or dietary supplements.

• Review Date: 3/26/2007
• Reviewed By: Harvey Simon, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital.

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