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Pólipos colorrectales - Información general

Nombres alternativos

Pólipos intestinales

Definición:

Son masas que sobresalen del revestimiento del colon o del recto.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Los pólipos de colon y de recto generalmente son benignos. Puede haber uno o múltiples pólipos y se vuelven más comunes a medida que la gente envejece.

Con el tiempo, ciertos tipos de pólipos, llamados pólipos adenomatosos, pueden derivar en cáncer. Otro tipo común de pólipo que se encuentra en el colon se denomina pólipo hiperplásico, que generalmente no se transforma en cáncer de colon.

Los pólipos mayores a 1 centímetro tienen mayor riesgo de producir cáncer que los de menor tamaño. Entre los factores de riesgo están:

  • Edad
  • Antecedentes familiares de pólipos y cáncer de colon

Los pólipos también pueden estar asociados con algunos trastornos hereditarios, como:

  • Fecha de revisión: 2/20/2008
  • Versión en inglés revisada por:Christian Stone, MD, Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
  • Traducción y localización realizada por: DrTango, Inc

Referencias

Smith RA, Cokkinides V, Eyre HJ. American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer. CA Cancer J Clin. 2006; 56: 11-25.
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