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Nódulo pulmonar solitario - Overview

Definición:

Es una mancha (lesión) redonda u ovalada en los pulmones que se observa con una tomografía computarizada o una radiografía del tórax.

Causas:

Más de la mitad de todos los nódulos pulmonares solitarios no son cancerosos (benignos). Los nódulos benignos tienen muchas causas, incluyendo cicatrices viejas e infecciones.

Los granulomas infecciosos son la causa de la mayoría de las lesiones benignas.

Usted tiene un riesgo de desarrollar un nódulo pulmonar solitario si tiene:

Tuberculosis o ha estado expuesto a ella
Enfermedades infecciosas causadas por hongos, como:

Sin embargo, las afecciones antes mencionadas hacen que sea más probable que el nódulo solitario sea benigno.

La juventud, los antecedentes de no fumar, el calcio en la lesión y el tamaño pequeño de ésta son factores asociados con un diagnóstico benigno.

El cáncer de pulmón es la causa más frecuente de nódulos pulmonares cancerosos (malignos).

Adenocarcinoma; placa de rayos X de tórax

Nódulo pulmonar; vista frontal en placa de rayos X de tórax

Nódulo pulmonar solitario; TC

Sistema respiratorio

Reviewed last on: 8/17/2009
Allen J. Blaivas, DO, Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine UMDNJ-NJMS, Attending Physician in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Veteran Affairs, VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Cronin P, Dwamena BA, Kelly AM, Carlos RC. Solitary pulmonary nodules: meta-analytic comparison of cross-sectional imaging modalities for diagnosis of malignancy. Radiology. 2008 Mar;246(3):772-82.

Gould MK, Fletcher J, Iannettoni MD, et al. Evaluation of patients with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer?: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest. 2007;132:108S-130S.

Wahidi MM, Govert JA, Goudar RK, et al. Evidence for the treatment of patients with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer?: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest. 2007;132:94S-107S.

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