Definition of Eczema:

Eczema is a chronic skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes. Eczema is also called atopic dermatitis.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Eczema is due to a hypersensitivity reaction (similar to an allergy) in the skin, which leads to long-term inflammation. The inflammation causes the skin to become itchy and scaly. Long-term irritation and scratching can cause the skin to thicken and an have a leather-like texture.

Eczema is most common in infants, and at least half of those cases clear by age 3. In adults, it is generally a long-term or recurring condition. Eczema tends to run in families.

People with eczema often have a family history of allergic conditions like asthma, hay fever, or eczema.

The following can make eczema symptoms worse:

• Dry skin
• Exposure to environmental irritants
• Exposure to water
• Stress
• Temperature changes