Definition of Tardive dyskinesia:

Tardive dyskinesia is a disorder that causes involuntary movements, especially of the lower face. Tardive means "delayed" and dyskinesia means "abnormal movement."

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Tardive dyskinesia is a serious side effect that occurs when you take medications called neuroleptics for a long time. The drugs that most commonly cause this disorder are older antipsychotic drugs, including:

• Haloperidol
• Fluphenazine
• Trifluoperazine

Other drugs, similar to antipsychotic drugs, that can cause tardive dyskinesia include:

• Cinnarizine
• Flunarizine (Silbelium)
• Metoclopramide