Definition of Mallory-Weiss tear:

A Mallory-Weiss tear occurs in the mucous membrane where the esophagus connects to the stomach. The tear causes bleeding.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Mallory-Weiss tears are usually caused by forceful or long-term vomiting or coughing. They may also be caused by epileptic convulsions.

The tear may be followed by vomiting bright red blood or by passing blood in the stool. Any condition that leads to violent and lengthy bouts of coughing or vomiting can cause these tears.

The incidence is 4 in 100,000 people.